My Father’s Life by Raymond Carver Essay

The last paragraph of this essay is my favorite by far, â€Å"†¦in their beautiful voices out of my childhood. Raymond. † The author of this story made it so tangible the dislike Raymond Jr. had for his birth name that it felt like a true revelation when the character finally embraced it. To hear his father’s name echo as his own name and to enjoy it leaves the reader with the same sense of happiness. The author of this essay has such a grasp on the lives and senses of a lower class worker that he surely must have experienced it in his childhood. It doesn’t surprise me to find out that his father worked at a saw-mill. That type of gritty upbringing must leave an indelible mark on your psyche. This mark was clearly a reservoir from which to pull deep and meaningful prose that truly paints a picture in the mind of someone who lacks those same experiences. This essay tells the story of a boy who liked his father more than most. This boy even liked his father, very possibly, more than his mother. It also tells how perceptive the boy and, later on, man were. This Raymond Jr. recognized the weaknesses of his father and still fell into the same traps himself. This essay taught me much about the depression era environment that the main character’s father, Clevie Raymond Carver, grew up in. His father rode on boxcards and pickled apples to get by. He also was able to set aside money to buy a car. I never imagined an environment where a day laborer would have the excess income to set aside spare change. In this modern age of paycheck to paycheck living that is truly an amazing feat. If the author was able to expand on his writings to fulfill a request of mine I would prefer to hear more about his father’s life before marriage. His father clearly had faults but what drove him into that personality. The character’s father was an alcoholic but still strived to better the life of his family. I’d like to know why.

Development system Essay

Over much of the twentieth century, the foremost edges of economic development and growth were mainly identifiable with sectors distinguished by varying degrees of mass production, as expressed in large-scale machine systems and an unrelenting drive to product standardization and cost cutting. all through the mass-production era, the dominant sectors evolved through a progression of technological and organizational changes focused above all on process routinization and the exploration for internal economies of scale. These features are not particularly conducive to the injection of high levels of aesthetic and semiotic content into final products. Certainly, in the 1930s and 1940s many commentators – with supporters of the Frankfurt School (Adorno, 1991; Horkheimer, 1947) being among the most vocal – expressed grave misgivings concerning the steady incursion of industrial methods into the globe of the cultural economy and the concomitant tendency for multifarious social and emotive content to be evacuated from forms of popular cultural production. These doubts were by no means out of place in a framework where much of commercial culture was focused on an enormously narrow approach to entertainment and disruption, and in which the powerful forces of the nation-state and nationalism were bend in considerable ways on creating mass proletarian societies. The specific problems raised by the Frankfurt School in regard to popular commercial culture have in definite respects lost some of their urgency as the economic and political bases of mass production have given way before the changes guided in over the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the new economy started its ascent. This is not to say that the modern cultural economy is not associated with a number of staid social and political predicaments. Although it is also the case that as commercial cultural production and consumption have developed in the major capitalist societies over the last few decades, so our aesthetic and ideological judgments concerning their underlying meanings have lean to shift. The rise of post-modern social and cultural theory is one significant expression of this development. Creative Industries Policy and the Reason of Shift in Terminology â€Å"The idea that cultural or creative industries might be regenerative was the result of changes in the cultural-industries landscape that were themselves in part the product of cultural policy shifts – when cultural policy is understood in the wider sense, to include media and communications† . One other key aspect also goes unnoticed in Hesmondhalgh’s book, which is that the sector itself, the ostensible object of both academic and policy discourse does not distinguish itself in the term â€Å"cultural industries† – at least not instantly. Some are simply unaware of how their activities relay to a range of disparate occupations and businesses. Some are clear in their refusal of the terminology and the company with which they are thus grouped. Certainly, one of the key arguments of the policy advocates is that this sector lacks a essential voice, it needs to convey its demands, needs to become self-conscious as a sector, needs to present itself with the consistency of other economic groups, needs, therefore, to co-operate in its own building as policy object (O’Connor, 1999a). If an necessary part of this discursive operation is the dismantling of fixed oppositions between economics as well as culture then this has to be about the self-perception, individuality (and identification) of cultural producers – the inculcation or adoption of a new kind of what Nigel Thrift calls â€Å"embodied performative knowledge† but can as well be seen as a form of habitus (O’Connor, 1999a, 2000b). â€Å"The notion of culture is constructed through a number of intersecting discourses providing particular means of mobilising the notion and defining its object. These discourses are selectively emphasized to frame cultural (industries) policies† . The cultural industries discourse then is not just policy making but is part of a wider shift in governance, and needs a new set of self-understandings as part of the key skills in a new cultural economy (O’Connor, 2000b). In this sense those apprehensive to advocate cultural industry strategies could be seen as a species of â€Å"cultural intermediaries. â€Å"

International Contracts Essay

The present research endeavours to situate international contracts within the context of international dealings transnational construction parties. It is hoped that the results will show the prevalence of international contracts in the business as well as the role which they play in concluding deals. Previous research (See Appendix 1) conducted in this field has shown that construction contracts are indeed accomplished between international companies. However, the precise role that international contracts as legal documents have on the relations between a construction company and a foreign client have not been studied before. That is the difference that this present research will make given the nuances which set apart construction contracts from international contracts per se. Research Methodology In this research, some of the research questions to be addressed and answered are: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the role of international constructs in the finalization of international business deals? 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the role of international contracts in a globalized industry? 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the relationship of international laws with the accomplishment of international contracts? 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What effect if any do cultural differences introduce to the finalization of international contracts? 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How effective are joint ventures in the world market? These questions will be answered through the collection of data from international contractors through the means of distributing questionnaires (See Appendix 2). The questionnaire answers provide a sufficient view of the business dealings of the research participants. Because of the specificity of the questionnaire items, the researcher will be able to derive many of the answers to the above-mentioned research questions. Moreover, given the hectic schedules of the research participants, the brief questionnaire will ensure the participation of more companies. This will enlarge the scope of the data gathered. Since the participants are assured of anonymity when answering, there is an increased likelihood of obtaining reliable answers. Furthermore, the open-ended nature of the questions and the fact that the personal corporate details of the participant companies are not inquired into also support the validity of the responses to be collated. The process is designed to be non-threatening and non-cumbersome to the participant to increase the likelihood of participation. A qualitative textual analysis of the questionnaire will then be conducted by the researcher. The rating and fixed-choice questions will be tallied while the open-ended questions will be analysed through the codification and categorization of answers given. The manner of coding determines greatly the internal validity and reliability of the findings. The representation of the participants on the other hand determines the external validity. The former concern stresses the importance of academic discipline on the part of the researcher while the latter concern is assured by the number of participants that may be encouraged to join due to the simplicity of the process. This research is a stand-alone project. Although it may be extended to further understand international contracts, the research questions focused on in this study are already answered by the questionnaire items. Further, the entire goal and purpose of the research has already been addressed by the particular research questions. Research Participants In this study construction companies will be approached and contacted for participation in the study. Only construction companies who have dealt with international clients during the last year will be asked to participate. The construction companies to be included are not limited to those found in the researcher’s city of residence to ensure increased generalizability of data. No less than fifteen participant companies will be deemed sufficient for the accomplishment of the survey. The researcher will contact companies by reaching their representatives by phone, by electronic mail, or other web-based interaction mechanisms that the company might provide. The researcher will utilize company advertisements and websites to draw up a list of potential participants. The personal communication with the companies will provide the researcher with a greater opportunity to inform the companies of the nature of the study. Initial consent by the companies will be followed by the researcher’s sending of the questionnaire with the attached consent form (See Appendix 4). The questionnaire will also be accompanied with instructions for the answered questionnaire and the accomplished consent form to be sent back to the researcher not later than one week after receipt. Accomplished questionnaires returned without the consent form will not be invalidated as the mere return and completion are badges of consent. In order to ensure that there is no researcher bias when codifying the responses, the name, position and organization of the respondents will be listed down on a separate sheet along with an assigned questionnaire number to be designated to that particular questionnaire. The name, position and organization of the respondent will then be blotted out so that the researcher is able to codify the responses without being biased by the identity of the respondent or the organization. The master list of names and questionnaire numbers will remain sealed until the final analysis of the results. To further ensure confidentiality, the questionnaire responses will be made available only to the researcher and to the supervising instructor. Both persons shall use the responses only for the purpose of this present study. Any application of the present results to future studies requires the consent of the participants in the present study. Research Data and Results The research results will be recorded through the printing out of any questionnaires submitted via webmail. Those questionnaires that were manually accomplished will serve as records of the answers indicated therein. As has been previously indicated, the name, position and organization of the respondents will be blacked out of the actual forms. The master list containing the names of the respondents will also be altered after the researcher has made a final report of the conclusions of the research. Upon the conclusion of the research, a new master list will be made and the names of the respondents stricken out from the new list. This master list along with the questionnaires and consent forms duly assigned questionnaire numbers, will be stored in a locker found in the researcher’s private residence. The storage will be secured for a period not less than five years. Only the researcher and the research supervising instructor will be allowed access to the data. But this access will only be for the purpose of assessing the findings of the present study. Any electronic submissions will be deleted. Finally, ownership of the data and findings will redound to the researcher alone. Any report, reproduction or publication of the findings or any utilization and accessing of the data must therefore be with the consent of the researcher.

WTO Dispute Settlement Procedures Dissertation

WTO Dispute Settlement Procedures - Dissertation Example ed system, the facts are that is simply installed a complex legal system that is basically beyond the capabilities of developing nations to effectively use in terms of staffing and expertise. The realities of the WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding as brought forth in this study indicated that the organisation needs to review its process to provide a pooled legal staff to represent the interests of its emerging nations. This examination will bring forth information and examples to provide an understanding of the WTO dispute handing processes as a means to reveal the issues. Â   Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 6 1.1 Background Summary 6 1.2 Problem Statement 7 1.3 Aims and Objectives 8 1.4 Significance of the Study 8 2.0 Literature Review 9 2.1 The World Trade Organisation – An Overview 9 2.1.1 Uruguay Round Additions 11 2.2 WTO Dispute Settlement Process 17 2.3 WTO Disputes Settlement and Developing Countries 22 2.4 WTO Dispute Settlement Study 36 2.5 Developing Country I nvestigations 42 3.0 Methodology 50 3.1 Framework 50 3.2 Research Strategy 51 3.3 Data Collection 52 3.4 Limitations 52 4.0 Findings and Analysis 53 4.1 Problem Statement 53 4.2 Aim 55 4.3 Objective 57 4.3.1 The various problems associated with the system while seeking resolutions and various reforms within the dispute resolution process to make it more suitable for the developing countries. 57 4.3.1 Examine the WTO dispute settlement process using examples of Gulf States in the Middle East as well as other developing countries in terms of equity and fairness. 59 5.0 Conclusion 64 References 67 Figures and Tables Figures Figure 1 – WTO Dispute Settlement System 19 Figure 2 - Value of world merchandise trade by region, 2000-2009 22 Figure 3 - Regional shares in world merchandise exports, 2000 and...As developed and brought forth under the Introduction segment, the World Trade Organisation grew from the experiences, understandings and lessons learned under GATT. The preceding s tatement represents a sweeping broad generalisation in that within the processes of the WTO the settling of disputes represents a real as well as important part of the system. It is this area that has given rise to comments and issues that this study seeks to explore. The summary background pointed out that the prior weaknesses in terms of dispute settlement, was contained in its procedures that were not effective and were politically charged that clouded the justice process. Bello and Holmer (1994, p. 1096) add to the above by telling us that any nation, especially the one against which the complaint had been filed, could effectively delay or even block the dispute resolution process. In understanding the context of this study, one needs to understand that the prior organisation had its flaws and areas that frustrated the developing nations. This situation is clearly a part of the history of the WTO and thus needs to be understood as a means to effectively examine the present Dispute Settlement Understanding. Factors that worked against GATT were that it did not operate as a formal institution, thus it lacked official procedures for making rules that were obligatory on all parties (Georgetown Law Library, 2009).

Administrative law in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Administrative law in Britain - Essay Example British Administrative Law is a part of British public law. It involves law pertaining to the control and authority of British departmental agencies or those agencies that are given constitutional power by the administration (Leyland and Anthony, 2008, 45) There is great popularity of such law reforms in most of the countries, however, they have been extensively criticised too. Main constituents of British Administrative Law are Ombudsmen, Tribunals, Judicial review and Freedom of Information. Ombudsman According to the Administrative law post of Ombudsman is connected to the Parliament of Westminster and some other posts at the Parliament of Scotland, some of the government institutions and Welsh Assembly. The main responsibility of Ombudsman is to inspect problems of malpractices of administration. Tribunals This constituent of British Administrative Law includes numbers of local public bodies, which are also called non-departmental public bodies (NDPBs). Judicial review This conte nt of British administrative law includes supervision of implementation of general public power by the Administrative Courts. If someone feels that an act of a government body, for instance his/ her local council or a constitutional court, is against the law, or it has dishonoured his/her civil rights, they may register a complaint at the Administrative Court (which is a branch of High Court) for legal reassessment of the decision and get their problem solved or perhaps take compensation. (Leyland and Anthony, 2008, 35) ... Nevertheless, the basic aim and objective of both these Acts is well indistinguishable – same sort of public bodies that are included in Britain, Northern Ireland and Wales are also included in Scotland Act. . (Leyland and Anthony, 2008, 42) Moreover, its basic terms and conditions are very closed to each other, despite the fact that the Freedom of Information Act of Scotland is a little stronger than English Act in support of disclosing information. But Freedom of Information Act 2000 is not applicable for public bodies in the foreign territories. (Barnett, 2004, 221) The former Prime Minister Tony Blair who actually brought main idea of the Freedom of Information Act, showed his disappointed from the Act afterwards. According to him, this Act obstructs the capacity of government officials to act under a sensible level of privacy. Implementation of the Administrative Law is seen as a major constitutional change that has been implemented in the course of past few years. Number s of changes have also taken place within British House of Commons too, like pre-legislative trials are now given much more importance, select committees have been made much stronger, change in work hours etc. This is not possible to do justice to all the reforms, however this is a major thing that it is an obligation for the British Prime Minister to present himself at the Liaison Select Committee of the House two times in every year to be questioned about any subject whatsoever. Critics have shown their reservations on the commitment to this sort of well-planned constitutional programme. UK Administrative and Constitutional Law have remarkably changed since year 1997. (Barnett, 2004, 225) There are several public bodies too, whose resolutions can also be

Evaluate how domestic and regional factors limited Japan's abilities Research Paper

Evaluate how domestic and regional factors limited Japan's abilities to play more definitive security roles in East Asia. Asse - Research Paper Example There are some signs that this is now changing, but the Japan-US military alliance will continue to be the defining feature of Japan’s foreign policy for the foreseeable future. Article 9 Following the Second World War, Japan officially renounced its right to declare war, which has left the country in a unique situation, somewhat removed from the life of a ‘normal’ nation state. The Japanese military is restricted by Article 9 of its constitution, which states that Japan has forfeited its right as a nation to declare war, and will not recognize force as a valid means of settling disputes between nations. As a result, Japan does not officially keep its armed forces for any purpose except self-defense. Article 9 ends: ‘The right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized’. Japan does maintain a large military force, and has one of the world’s largest military budgets, but this is justified as being purely in a defensive capacity, and unt il the past two decades, Japan did not even contribute personnel to peacekeeping missions sanctioned by the United Nations (UN). The defense budget is nearly $50 billion, approximately 1% of Japanese GDP, and it spends a further $2 billion annually on supporting American forces based in Japan1. Japanese forces are controlled tightly by civilian politicians, and the first time they were allowed to operate outside of the country was in a peacekeeping capacity in Cambodia in 1992-3. Article 9 effectively prevents Japan from taking a particularly active military role in international affairs, and for many Japanese, who are broadly pacifist, the horrors of the Second World War remain a powerful reason not to abolish Article 9 from the constitution2. As Kingston put it, ‘The US actually insisted on the insertion of Article 9 in the Japanese Constitution [as part of postwar peace negotiations], but has regretted it ever since’3. The United States would prefer Japan to take a m ore active role in attaining their shared security goals, so that it would not have to shoulder the absolute burden of operations in East Asia, including making considerable provision for Japan’s own defense. Kingston argues that, despite strong popular support for Article 9 – ‘For many Japanese, it is a point of pride that Japan’s Constitution embraces pacifism, a powerful symbolic break with the wartime past and an ongoing guarantee’, it has ‘diminished sway over government security policy’4. As we shall see, Japan has indeed circumvented the provisions of its constitution to deploy its forces abroad in recent years. The Japan-US Alliance Following the Treaty of San Francisco, Japan’s foreign policy has essentially been guided by its close relationship with the United States. Japan has been able to leave international issues to the United States, and concentrated mainly on economic recovery and development, ‘with relative ly little concern (and cost) for its own defense’5. The Alliance has had benefits for the US also. Keen to expand its practical influence right across the Pacific in the aftermath of the Second World War, Japan, as an archipelago right off the Asian mainland, offered an ‘unsinkable aircraft carrier’ from which to pursue this policy. Bases in Japan have helped with deployments against Communist forces in Korea and Vietnam, as well as other conflicts in the region. This alliance is boosted by the large volume and value of trade between the US and Japan.

World Trade Organization and tariffs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

World Trade Organization and tariffs - Assignment Example Tariffs also have been used in providing additional revenue for the government and to domestic producers at the expenses of foreign producers and customers (Alexander and Andenà ¦s, 38). This is used as one of the tools to shape policies of trade. Types of barriers imposed by Saudi Arabia for exports and importsThere are different trade barriers that are used in Saudi Arabia. The first strategy that has been used is tariffs. Saudi Arabia implies the GCC common external tariffs of five percent of most of the products used in the nation with limited number of expectation. Saudi Arabia implies twelve percent on the local products in some cases to protect the industries of the nations. Textile products are among the products that implies the 12 per cent import tariffs. Higher rates of the tariffs implies to smaller group. There is also implication of 15 per cent for other products such as aluminum and furniture. Majority of food products are subjected to five percent import duty. The le vel of imports duties ties to the level of local production of similar goods. Import prohibitions and licensing either is used in Saudi Arabia where the importation of certain articles is the prohibition of some goods or require approval from other appropriate authority. In the country, there is prohibition of goods such as pork products, used clothing, firearms, and automobiles (Alexander and Andenà ¦s, 33). Importation of some products requires special approval such as agricultural feeds, books, visual or audio media and religious materials.

Principles of Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Principles of Finance - Essay Example When tax is reduced by some percentage it increases companys income by certain multiplier effect since tax is a leakage on income. When tax is reduced to 18%, the taxation will be 90.16pounds (Adams & Von, 2007). b) The assumption is subject to discussion in such a way that each of these methods has their strengths and weaknesses. Taking a case of dividend growth rate, empirical evidence shows that a company, which pays more dividends, has low growth rate. The main reason behind this is that most of its profits go to individual shareholders instead of being ploughed back to the business. This is practical evidence. However, most of the methods are theoretical and lack practicality (Halsey, R. F, 2012). Considering the case of net asset valuation, the method does not consider the future prospects of the company. In fact, these valuation methods depend on historical data, but in a business environment, different environmental factors lead to different outcomes. This is a limitation that begs the question whether the methods are practical because the business environment changes every day and cannot rely on historical data (Halsey, 2000). The book value approach in asset based method is practically unrealistic because the values of the fixed assets depend on sunk costs and relative depreciation. These values are of no relevance to any purchaser or seller (Von, et al., 2004). In considering replacement value, it is also of no practicality. This shows what it might cost to start a business, but this could be lower than the true value for successful business unless the estimation is also made for the value of goodwill and other current assets. In considering the P/E approach, it is not somehow practical. When you are buying a company it is for the entitlement of its future earnings not past earnings. This approach does not take into account turbulent economic times which make them very

The Hanging Gardens of Bablyon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Hanging Gardens of Bablyon - Research Paper Example This construction, which came to gain fame being regarded as a wonder of the World, was done by this king for the pleasure of his wife, who was dissatisfied with her new home city. Her homesickness for her native land in Medes forced the king to create something that would keep her occupied, hence the Hanging Gardens. These gardens, despite the claims that they were only legendary, are widely reported by various ancient writers in the Greek and Roman age. The description that is given of these gardens provides a hint of the architectural feat that was achieved in an age that is believed not to have had any significant technological advancement. The construction achievement of these gardens has been a matter of speculation from the ancient times. The manner of their construction still puzzles most architects and historians who have dedicated themselves to its study using what was said concerning them by the ancient writers. It is said that they came to be destroyed by a series of eart hquakes, which hit the area after the second century BC. The ancient writers, mentioned above, describe these gardens as having been designed to use something akin to the Archimedes screw for irrigating the gardens, which were planted on terraces (Dalley and Oleson 2). The Archimedes screw is a device, which from ancient times, has been used to transfer water from low-lying water bodies to irrigation trenches. This mechanism has within either it a screw inside a hollow pipe and this screw can be turned manually or using a windmill. As the screw moves, its bottom end collects some water that slides up the pipe until it pours out of its top and it is distributed to the irrigation systems. This mechanism was used for draining water out of mines or other places with low-lying water, and it is logical to assume that it was also used to irrigate the Hanging Gardens. Based on the descriptions of the gardens provided by the ancient writers, it has been estimated that they would have require d at least 37000 liters of water every day. The watering mechanism for the gardens was controlled by a number of people who had been appointed to the task. They manually turned the screw, ensuring that there was a permanent water flow to the irrigation channels. The water needed was acquired, using the mechanism described, from the nearby Euphrates River from where it was carried to the very top of the gardens. From there, a system of irrigation channels had been constructed to allow for the efficient flow of water down the slopes of the garden. These channels were exceptionally well hidden, and only those who knew where they were had any knowledge of it. This made the water flow from the top of the gardens look remarkably natural as was intended by its designer. The flowing water served two main purposes for the garden, the first of which is that it allowed for the efficient irrigation of all the plants in the garden, ensuring that none of the plants lacked water. The second purpos e was to create the impression of a waterfall, and this profoundly enhanced the beauty of the garden, especially when considers that this was a dry region. The sight of flowing water must have made quite an impression on the local people and considerably enhanced the reputation of both the garden as well as its builder. Therefore, in order to

Beauvoir's second sex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beauvoir's second sex - Essay Example She notes that because of treatment, where a girl grows understanding that she is destined to do house chores, a girl grows up without â€Å"innate maternal instinct†. Basing on the way the society handles the two genders, a girl is made to grow believing in and worshiping a male god and creating imagery adult lovers. Beauvoir views the discovery of sex by women as a painful phenomenon. When it comes to sex, the society has made men the masters of the world’s revelation. Beauvoir notes that one of the hardest experiences in a girl’s life is puberty stage. She describes the way a girl in her late teens come to accept her â€Å"femininity†. According to her a girl may do this by running away from home, by stealing or following nature. In chapter 2 of this book titled â€Å"Situation† Beauvoir demonstrates that women are equally looked down upon in marriage and that she is always playing a role of satisfying the sexual desires of a man. She emphasizes that in marriage setting the role of a woman as a house keeper/cleaner is evident of the servant hood role women are made to play. She says that the dignity of women is compromised in a marriage setting and as often the case, women can only find dignity by accepting her role in providing bed â€Å"services† and â€Å"housework services†. ... spective, Beauvoir says that women can be as active, silent and effective as men, and that women just like men can handle masculinity logic they have to. However, the situation created by the society and her family does not give her such an opportunity instead she has to keep being useful preparing food, clothes and lodges. According to Beauvoir, a woman is always full of worries but she has nothing to do to change her position, she cries, complaints, and even threaten suicide but she cannot escape her lot. Beauvoir says that is the target of religion and that it is pointless trying to prove whether a woman as treated in the society is inferior or superior because the man’s situations has been made â€Å"infinitely preferable†. She hold that for a woman she has no way out than to always work for her liberation. In Chapter 4 â€Å"The Lesbian† Beauvoir describes sexual relations with a woman. She holds that though the society is a â€Å"forbidden path† for women, they are finding their way out through such acts as lesbian, and homosexuals. Beauvoir’s life story is a true reflection of the misconceptions widely held by the society about women. It mirrors the troubles we as women are made to go through as we struggle through life experiences to get to our destined career goals. As a victim of women mistreatment, my struggles to get to where I am today and the challenges accompanying such struggles are immense. Growing up is a men dominated society, my position was well defined. In a family of two boys and two girls, and as the eldest girl in the family, I had to spend most of my years under the watchful eye of my mother. This meant that I spend most of my time learning how to cook and how to clean the house and wash my sister’s and brothers’ clothes. Just like

Produce a critical interpretation of the geographies represented in a Dissertation

Produce a critical interpretation of the geographies represented in a selected advertisement, set of advertisements, or advertis - Dissertation Example A critical geography of the advertisements reveal that, underneath the moralistic overtones and admittedly positive social messages, there is insidious propaganda and micro-politicking at work designed to advance specific partisan agendas. Having the moral high ground is of unimaginable importance in politics. Being associated with values has been a major success for the Republican party in America: Democrats can win an advantage in the perceptions of being able to handle domestic and economic issues, but the Republicans are associated with a strong moral compass provided overwhelmingly by traditional Christian values. This itself is an immense propaganda success. First of all, as Gallup has pointed out, in fact Republicans and Democrats are often dead-even in public perceptions of their values, and certainly Republican scandals have not helped the party in securing a consistent values victory: The fact that it is a political bromide that Republicans won the values war shows itself h ow good the Republicans have been in terms of presenting a mystique of a values-based party (2006, p. 526-527). â€Å"For example, the persistent claim that President Bush’s re-election was the result of a â€Å"moral values† revolt by Christians has been seriously overblown. After all, Bush actually received more votes (and a higher percentage of votes) from those who said terrorism was the most important issue than he did from those who identified moral values as the key to their electoral behavior† (Wise, 2005). To be clear, then: The commodity these adverts try to sell is values. They try to get voters and Christian viewers to associate themselves with conservative channels, and they are part of a political campaign. Their analysis in terms of critical geography has to be like political advertisements, which are also carefully controlled to be disagreeable to as few people as possible within the selected geography or micro-geography while energizing the base sufficiently. These adverts play well in heartland Republican America, red states away from the coasts. America as a space, both outdoors and indoors, city and country, is represented as a place of uniform and unchanging values; a Christian nation with a strong bedrock of decency. Second, a fact that we will return to, it is simply not the case that evangelicals or people with religious values vote Republican: White evangelicals do. Black evangelicals and devout Latina/o Catholics, as well as Jews and Catholics in general, far more strongly trend Democratic. â€Å"The racial voting gap was especially pronounced among evangelical Christians. This isparticularly important, given the inane pronouncements about how evangelicals were responsible for Bush’s victory. Fact is, only white evangelicals elevate their provincial moral concerns above classical conceptions of self-interest. Black evangelicals — a sizable group to be sure — voted against Bush by margins of a t least four to one, despite often agreeing with conservatives on certain issues like abortion, gay rights or prayer in schools. But white evangelicals and â€Å"born again Christians† voted 78-21 for Bush, a huge increase from the 62 percent average received by the Republican candidate in the two previous Presidential contests† (Wise, 2005). In fact, the race gap is a far bigger gap in terms of predicting votes in American elections than the geographic, gender, and even class gap! Third: Democrats have

Post Conflict Reconstruction and the Resurgence of Supposedly Resolved Territorial Conflicts Essay Example for Free

Post Conflict Reconstruction and the Resurgence of Supposedly Resolved Territorial Conflicts Essay Beyond the rhetoric of traditional causes of conflicts which intermittently are also at the root cause of African territorial civil conflicts, this paper examines the question as to why conflict resurges in states where conflict has previously been resolved. From the perspective of two major theoretical frameworks in International Relations: Liberalism and Realism, this paper argues that mechanisms for conflict resolution are often short-termed and often not home-groomed to accommodate the needs of citizens emanating from a civil war. Liberals argue that this is primarily a failure of cooperation between external and internal actors or stakeholders in the peace process. To them, this lack of cooperation generates economic problems and inhibits mistrust which is the embryo for conflict resurgence. In contrast conflict resolution fails primarily as a result of factors emphasized by Realism. The conflict may not have been ripe for resolution because the practical meaning of recognition revealed large gaps between the ways that the parties defined their core interests. Against this background and given the depth of antagonism between the DRC government and MONUC on the one hand and rebel movements on the other, economic wealth of the Congo has failed to generate support for the peace process. Instead, it increased friction and placed additional political obstacles in the way of compromise. The paper also examines the potency of peacekeeping as a vehicle for conflict resolution. It argues that the design and conceptualization of peacekeeping albeit structural challenges like inadequate resources, ill-equipped personnel and lack of a clearly defined and sustainable vision are at the bedrock of cyclical conflicts. In examining the role of MONUC and other interveners in the Congolese peace process, the paper engages a conceptual thesis which seeks to clarify the difference between peacekeeping as a mediator, meddler and interventionist in African civil conflicts. This clarification will inform conceptual thinking on the potency of peacekeeping as a vehicle for the resolution of civil conflicts. The conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is one demonstration of the fragile nature of post conflict reconstruction and speaks to the need to step-up conflict prevention strategies to meet current challenges which have given rise to new trajectories to territorial conflicts in Africa. Despite deploying a Peace Mission to the Congo (ONUC)[1] in the 1960s, and despite currently harboring the largest and highest funded United Nations Peace Operation (MONUC);[2] the United Nations (UN) is still finding it difficult to bring an end to the territorial conflict in what is regarded as the site for the world’s worst humanitarian conflict. The conflict, therefore, seems to protract with each renewed effort to resolve it. Following field visits, extensive reading on the Congo and interviews with conflict analysts and residents of the DRC, this paper assesses the viability of peacekeeping as a measure for preventing the resurgence of new territorial conflict. While most interviewed are of the view that the challenges of the DRC peace process are enormous and complex, this paper interrogates the role of MONUC as a conflict prevention mechanism, and its effectiveness in sustainable peacebuilding in the Great Lakes region. The paper enriches conceptual thinking with the view that peacekeeping as a form of external intervention has the capacity to support fragile states in their peace building process, and to check prospective territorial conflicts if certain requirements are met. Preliminary investigations indicate that, contrary to previous research which posited political, natural resource and cultural underpinnings as causes of the current DRC conflict, the lack of a clearly defined plan to stop hostilities in the East can largely be accountable for the cyclical violence. Contrary to expectation that following the 2006 DRC election, the fragile Congolese state had attained sovereign maturity to govern itself with limited external support, this paper posits the need for dedicated and timely funding to a new mediator who will engage a five-phased peacebuilding process which will re-orientate existent theoretical and pragmatic processes of conflict prevention, and define succinctly, through policy recommendations, a new direction for the prevention of territorial conflicts. Following this introduction, the next section will explore the causes of territorial conflicts in Africa and elsewhere. This section engages a brief differentiation between causes of conflicts and causes of conflict resurgence with the view of demonstrating that if one cannot prima facie understand the causes of conflict, its resolution attempts will be flawed and such attempts will serve as the corner stone on which prospective conflicts will be erected. Section two will engage a theoretical overview of causes of conflict resurgence. This section will examine causes of conflict resurgence as propounded by two main schools of thought of International Relations: Realism and Liberalism. Following this, tools of conflict resolution will reviewed with principal focus on peacekeeping. The Section will trickle down to a case specific analysis of whether peacekeeping as a tool for conflict resolution is a byproduct of intervention or mediation, and whether in the exercise of their craft, peacekeepers qualify to be called mediators or would be considered meddlers. This section argues that, between 1999 to 2006 when the first democratic election in the Congo was organized, MONUC could well be considered as a mediator, but following that period, MONUC till date (July 2006 to 2010) she is a meddler in the peace process which is largely driven by the rapprochement that was reached between the DRC and Uganda on the one hand, and the DRC and Rwanda on the other. Causes of territorial Conflicts in Africa There are contending theories as to the causes of territorial conflicts. Conflicts seem to have a litany of literature compared to other subsidiary topics of International Affairs and African studies. Scholars have thus far not been able to see the divide between causes of territorial conflicts and conflicts which ensue from the impotency of mechanisms tailored to resolve them. As a result, there is no dearth of literature on the causes of conflicts but one hardly finds any one who has contended that an ineffective resolution strategy could spark new trajectories to conflict. Existing literature on causes of conflict is sometimes limited in scope to address on causes in particular. Adekeye Adebajo has articulated political and cultural underpinnings to be responsible for conflicts. 3] This could hold true for the Sierra Leone conflict but in the face of global adversities, his speculations stand to be criticized because other conflicts like the Rwandan genocide emanate from imbalances in the distribution of economic, political and social resources. Moreover, the ongoing Sudanese conflicts have religious/and or ethnic undertones with no element of cultural or political formulations which equally go along way to excavate the lacunae in Adekeye’s speculations. Paul Collier holds the view that conflicts are fuelled by economic considerations. He posits that most rebel organizations cling onto the idea of grievances in order to elicit more public support for their cause. In his hypothesis, he contemplates that a state with superfluous resources, increasing working-age population, and high unemployment rate is most likely to harbor conflict. His hypothesis, though true for many conflicts that have plagued Africa does not explain other cases in Africa. For instance, former British trusteeship of Cameroon fondly known as Anglophone Cameroon has been wailing for a fair share of economic, political, social and natural resources of the country. Despite this, discontentment has not resulted to war or any from of concrete violence as has occurred in other countries. This phenomenon consequently makes Collier’s assertions fluid. Summarily, Collier, Eboe Hutchful and Kwesi Aning argue that there are countries that have experienced conflict where natural resources were not articulated as the source of the conflict. They cited the examples of Chad and Ethiopia. [5] They acknowledged that some conflicts have been fueled by purely non-resource driven motives resulted. This is true with the cases of Angola, Afghanistan and Sudan. They, however, conceded to the fact that in the conflicts in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) resources were one of the stimulants among other elements. They tried to strike a balance by postulating that the end of the Cold War culminated in the proliferation of arms, and ineffective post conflict demilitarization, demobilization, and reintegration of ex-combatants which culminated in an outburst of wary and distressed combatants resulting several coup detat putsch attempts. While one may agree with the grievance theory, the million dollar question is what are people aggrieved about as to resort to conflicts, destruction of property, murder and assassinations? Is it about Governance? Is it distribution of resources? The answer is definitely far from the propositions of the aforementioned scholars. Because some countries have resource crisis and mismanagement, repressive regimes, and poor governance, but know no conflict. This therefore suggests that there is yet an unknown cause of conflict, and this cause is probably one that cuts across all conflicts. The present paper contemplates that inefficacies in the mechanisms for resolving these conflicts could be the brain-child behind the cyclical resurgence of conflicts in states previously hit by territorial civil wars. William Reno on his part contends that internal warfare is motivated by economic considerations especially with regard to the intensification of transitional commerce. He argues that there is a relationship between corruption and politics. According to Reno, conflict is bound to rise where a ruler makes life uncomfortable for his citizens by encouraging the search of his espionage as a means of escaping from squalid conditions. Reno in his postulations contemplates that the absence of good governance engenders politics as a cause of conflict. [8] William Zartman on his part contemplates that the increase in conflict is orchestrated by the collapse of state structure. [9] While one may agree with the collapse of state theory, the lotto question is: What drives the leaders to run the state aground? Keith Somerville, in his view tries to locate the source of conflict within the geopolitical map of Africa, which was bequeathed to it by the colonial powers. He contends that the colonial boundaries and state lines have led to the potpourri of people who hitherto had never before mixed as a group. [10] This articulation is paradoxical. While it means that even if the boundaries that existed in the pre-colonial time were maintained, there could still exist though at different levels, and with different target. [11] The diverse schools of thought examined above have attempted an investigation into the causes of conflict. They have posited economic underpinnings, lack of good governance, and disintegration of state institutions, religious and ethnic differences, corruption and colonial imprints. The opinions are not quite erroneous but fail to see ultimately that conflicts emanate because the global village appears to be in consonance with the fact that peacekeeping is the first port of resort for conflict resolution. Moreover, the fact that the problems postulated by the above authors have engendered conflicts in some areas and not in some despite the presence of similar factors suggest that there is more to conflict than has been articulated by contemporary research on the subject matter. The present paper contemplates that inefficacies in the dispute resolution machinery incubate further conflicts. This paper contemplates that if peacekeeping tools are tailored to empower stakeholders to a peace process, conflicts will be resolved before they escalate. On the contrast between causes of conflicts and causes of conflict resurgence, it should be noted that if conflicts are not prima facie mastered, it will be difficult to seamstress right solutions to them. As a result conflicts tend to hatch new and probably even more complicated dimensions to it.

The controversial issue of animal testing

The controversial issue of animal testing Animal testing is categorized into three main groups which are chemical testing, medical testing and research testing. Using non-human animals for such tests is a controversial issue that may lead several opinions whether on experts and non-expert views. Experts might say it is beneficial to human because without the non-human animals, where would science be now? Aristotle (384-322 BCE) and Erasistratus (304-258 BCE) were among the first to perform experiments on living animals. The physician operates and testing surgical procedures on to the animals before implementing on to human. Long ago, research in animal testing had helped people in curing their illness and seemed like the animals died for a good cause. On the other hand, people who stand up for animal rights would see this as cruel and injustice act for the animals. They claimed that animals have feelings and they can feel pain too. The pros and cons are still in consideration by most animal-testing industry in order to keep the consumer needs. But, is it morally acceptable to experiment on non-human animals to develop products and medicines that benefit human beings? No, it is morally unacceptable. In Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 5th edition, moral is based on ones sense of what is right and just, not on legal rights and obligation; able to understand the differences between right and wrong. Billions of animals have died to advance science. To test one chemical whether or not it is carcinogenic which means any substance that produces cancer, it takes 500 to 1000 animals to be tested and to make sure that the chemical is free from cancer -causal. We rather let the animals die because of expected cancer from the chemicals just to satisfy human needs in cosmetics, household compound and pharmacy. Not that on the other hand it meant that we rather see human died because the chemicals are not tested but logically, the scientists should have known the cause of cancer, why would they put the chemicals in the product at first place? If science is advance enough, why use the innocent animals? Humanity should speak by itself. From the definition itself and the question asked, the answers would be a definite no because it is wrong to experiment on animals because animals are living things that have emotions. Animals do not just suffer from physical pain but also mental pain. We can notice a persons emotions without him saying anything because of non-verbal language or body language he expressed. If we can examine body language in human, then we are also able to observe non-verbal language of animals. Love an animal, it will love you, hurt the animal, it will hurt you. Pictures of vivisections of animals (Appendix 1), their eyes were filled with pain and innocent faces are enough to upset us human. When we experiencing on animals, it is likely to experience on humans, the difference is just animals do not speak human and we cannot understand them. We might as well pictured the animals being tortured, in great pains, yelling for help and trying their very hard to escape from that evil experiment. Experiment is what we called a scientific test done carefully in order to study what happens and to gain new knowledge, quoted from the dictionary. Any side effects will result in failure and poor animals, another hundreds or thousands of them will be used in the experiment to get better results. Consider yourself being experimented by another form of species and they treat you the same way as human did to non-human animals (Appendix 2). Allegedly, there is animal euthanasia which means the act of unpainful killing. How can we ever know that it is not painful? How can we know that the animals used in so-called painless death tests died peacefully? Before a new aftermath shown in your local stores, the goods have gone through a complicated and long process which leaves millions of tested animals damaged, poisoned, undergo mutation, and other unnecessary tests. Animal testing is cruelty to them, forcing them to endure the frightful side effects just so a new product can be released. Chemical testing on animals are not 100% accurate because animals do not respond the same as human does. In reality, animal research and scientists never guarantee that medication, cosmetics and other products will be safe and effective for human. There are products that have been pulled out of the market because of consumer complaints of irritancy on skins and some were severe illness and death but were previously tested on animals. Although the tests on medicine seemed safe for consumer use, two million Americans become seriously ill and approximately 100,000 people die every year because of reactions to medicines they were prescribed extracted from Nexus Magazine, Volume 8, Number 2. The statistics occurred because of the inaccurate animal experimentation which results inadequate evaluation the effects of chemicals on humans. Different animals have different body system and it reacts differently. Animals and human obviously have different condition of body system and it is the ent ire issue of the failure. Biologically speaking, different body system would result in different drug metabolism and thus dissimilar effects take place. Innumerous animals have been sacrificed and suffering from animal abuse during medicine testing. This situation is very unfair. While humans are cured, animals are slaughtered. The alternatives would be computer simulations and modeling which have the entire database from previous animal testing subjects. Millions of animals were used onto the same type of product. Researchers should file the report of the experiment and if it is proven safe to human, other industry that wants to do the same product, they should use the same chemicals or whatever materials they required but not the animals testing. The software can be used in major research centre to do such test with any chemical involve in creating a product that benefit human. Such synthetic skin would be great to test products on skin. Besides that, government and non-government could create great awareness by advertising such ads that directs the realization to the consumer (Appendix 3). Advertisement that has subtle messages creates no awareness among people because somehow it did not touch their heart. When the main point of the advertisement is being straight-forward, people would realize and immedi ately take effect. As for closure, animal testing is an immoral act. Animal suffering is a cruel act. Yes, it benefits humans to be beautiful and healthy but not to kill them in return. The scientists and researchers should have other way that is more humane. Animals are living things create by God and they can respond the same as human do. The effectiveness of the products tested on animals can never be guaranteed 100% because the products still harm the consumer even though it has been proven safe. Even the effects only affect small number of people, still we are putting the humans in danger. There are other possible options as alternatives for animal testing. Any industry can be science-advance without animal testing. If animal-testing is being prolong, will our future generations still be able to learn about the animals? Do you think the animals-tested will extinct? References Darshini Kandasamy Animal-testing centre to be set up in Malaysia. Malay Mail Friday, April 2nd, 2010 No to animal testing lab plan. The Star Online Thursday June 10, 2010 Pete Harrison Great apes protected as EU restricts animal testing. The Star Online Wednesday September 8, 2010 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 16 September 2010 S.O.S at the University of Georgia Animals used in experiments Janet Babin Taking the animals out of testing Thursday, May 24, 2007 Nun Adilah 6 Animal Testing June 8, 2010 The National Anti-Vivisection Society Animals in Product Testing http://www.animaltestingfacts.zoomshare.com/> The Human Cost of Animal Experiments Nexus Magazine, Volume 8, Number 2 http://www.sourcewatch.org Animal testing 7 April 2010 Doris Lin Why Its Wrong to Test on Animals Haris Amin Animal Testing: Is Animal Testing Ethically Incorrect Haris Amin Animal Testing: Are there any alternatives Nun Adilah 7 BMJ Where is the evidence that animal research benefits humans? 28 February, 2004 http://www.lad.org.hk/bmjfeb2004.htm Oxford advanced learners dictionary 5th edition, International Student Nun Adilah 8 APPENDICES

Coca Cola History And Development Commerce Essay

Coca Cola History And Development Commerce Essay History of and development : Coca cola was started in 1800s by John Pemberton. Coca cola recipe developed at the Eagle drugs and chemicals company, a pharmacy in Columbus, Georgia. Originally its called Pembertons French coca wine. He may have been Mariani wine with great success, European coca wine inspiration. 1886, in Atlanta, Fulton County, by prohibiting legislation, Pemberton responded coca-cola developed, is essentially a non-alcoholic version of French wine coca-cola. The first sales were at Jacobs pharmacy in Atlanta on May 8, 1886. They sold it in Atlanta for five cents a glass. And they didnt mix with water, the test was very strong. It was called Pembertons French wine coca, and it was sold as a medicine to help the people from cold and some people was using it as energy Drink. In United States it used to Sold at soda fountains. The starting year of the company sales was so low, around nine drink per day so Dr. Pemberton think that he didnt make a lot of money with the drink. So he sold his business to Asa g. Candler. To just before he died in 1888. After six year on 12 March 1894 coca cola was 1st sold in bottles in Atlanta with actual cocaine content. And after 61 years later in 1955 it sold in cans. The Coca-Cola Company is the production of concentrated syrup, and then sold to different bottling plants around the world held by Coca-Cola franchise. Coca-Cola bottler, the territory of an exclusive contract with the company, produce finished cans and bottles of concentrated filtered water and sweeteners combined. Then bottling sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola products retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors. (Bodden 2008) Important development include the period from 1980-1990, such as diet coke, cherry coke, diet cherry coke. 2000- 2005, coke with lemon, vanilla coke diet coke with lemon. (Coca cola 2012) Key milestones 2002(In India) golden peacock award for global excellence in corporate Governance, by the world council for corporate 2005 Chinas best corporate citizen conduct award, 21st century business Herald 2006 International Supplier of the Year, Wal-Mart 2010 Coca cola was number one global brand in world (FMCG 2011) 10 year financials in column chart from with short analysis Coca cola profit, revenues, 2000-2010 Since year 2000 company is performing in comfortable raising zone of its journey. Year by year increasing in profit and in revenue is been measured as per the above listed graph. In 2009 because of market decline (resection) company gone through a loss but by 2010 it shows a positive comeback again towards the profit. (Coca cola annual report 2000-2010) Overview of industry, markets, products, service; Coca cola is world largest company for manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non alcoholic drinks in world. Coca Cola Company produces coca cola music, snacks and more than 3500 non-alcoholic beverages, from regular sparkling and diet drinks such as juices, waters, energy waters, Coffee-tea, milk and Etc. Based drinks. Like diet coke, sprite, Fanta, Thumps up, limca, emerald mounted and etc. For marketing, Coca Cola Company is using Advertising, Coca-Cola advertising as its main source of consumer awareness. It is mainly the use of TV. Coca-Cola products have a lot of TV add. The source of the companys products to reach a large audience. Latest TV advertising for Coca-Cola soft drinks was YOU KNOW, YOU WANT IT. The company also uses another source of radio advertising. This is an inexpensive method compared, TV. Advertising costs in the past three years have shown $ 11 million. Coca cola companies operating income 2009 increased 4 percent in the quarter, and after that decreased 3 percent at the end of year. In 2011 Coca cola unit case volume is increased 5% in word wide Coca cola had 42% distributed in United States, 37% in Mexico, Brazil, India, and Japan. And 20 % distributed in rest of the world. Coca cola have 60.9% market share in India. Coca-Cola uses intensive distribution strategy. The companys products are sold almost all exports include: retail outlets  · Shops  · Restaurants  · Gas Station  · sale kiosks  · school, sports and entertainment venue  · from a vending machine Coca Cola Company is using C to C method for service, c to c means company to customer. In US and Canada coca cola using hotline service. Customer can direct call to the company. (Coca cola 2006-2012) Major issue that affected the coca cola company in past 3 years. In 2009 China national cereals, oils and foodstuffs corporation {COFCO} and Coca Cola Company make new joint venture. Coca cola Company started new bottling plant in northwest china. And it was joint venture with COFCO. For this plant coca cola invest 30.9 US dollar. Coca Cola 5000 opportunities for job. Because the plan now days coca cola have 3rd largest market in china. In June 2010 Simon group and coca cola company improve their marketing alliance. In June 2010 Simon group and coca cola company improve their marketing alliance. In America Simon group is the number 1 real estate group and Coca Cola Company was venture with that group. And with Simon group the coca cola company can extend their marketing in mall. And thats coca cola have very easy to interact with the consumers like youngster In august 2010 coca cola company bottler settles discrimination case In august 2008, Coca-Cola Bottling Company MERGED in Charlotte, Atlanta-based Coca-Cola Company is separate from the money to pay wage arrears, plus interest, to 95 black and Hispanic job seekers apply for sales positions in 2002, according to the U.S. Department of Labour. (Coca cola 2006-2012) How has the organizations culture, values, history and development influenced leadership, management, and OB? Core values: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ in Coca-Cola company culture, leadership, passion, integrity, cooperation, diversity, quality and accountability system, is defined by. Coca-Colas central commitment acts as the mind, body, spirit and inspire optimism to refresh the world to create value and make a difference. 2 assets to give them a chance to make this commitment-their people and brand. As a global company, the Coca-Cola Companys has an ability to understand, accept and work in a multicultural world both in the market and in the workplace our sustainable development is crucial. They work hard to ensure inclusive and equitable work environment for their associates, all diversity training on a regular basis. We found that, the ongoing dialogue clues to a better understanding of their colleagues, their suppliers, their customers, their stakeholders, and ultimately greater success on the market. (Coca cola 2006-2011) The coca-cola development = The key to the development of quality incentive and reward system to understand the needs of the coca cola employees, Coca-Cola HBC Hrvatska, they will conduct regular quantitative and qualitative research on employee satisfaction. Based on the findings, develop an action plan to further improve their motivation and reward system. They further adjust the current system of economic trends, industry branch of their companys strategic plan, our department goals and personal goals. (Coca-Cola HBC Hrvatska d.o.o 2012) Company leadership, management, and OB analysis Muhtar Kent is the CEO and President of the coca cola company. He has spent his entire career with Coca Cola Company. He was born in new York 1952, and he was completed his high school from Mersin, turkey in 1971 after that he went to the university of hull, in united kingdom for Master of Business Administration (MBA). In 1987, Mr. Muhtar Kent joined the coca-cola company at Atlanta, as marketing and operations leadership positions. In 1995 and 1998, Mr. Kent becomes Managing Director, in Coca-Cola Amatil Europe and he was handled bottling operations in 12 nation and regions. Mr. Kent, in 2005, president and chief operating officer of the Coca-Cola Company, the Companys North Asia, Eurasia and Middle East Group, the organization provides a broad and diverse region, including China, Japan and Russia. Less than a year later, in 2006, Mr. Kent served as president of Coca-Cola International, until he was appointed president and chief operating officer of The Coca-Cola Company, is responsible for overseeing all business operations. In July 2008, Mr. Muhtar Kent became CEO and President. (Thomas White International ltd, 2012) Type = Muhtar Kent is primary Transformational leadership type, with a strong visionary leadership. When he was become CEO in 2008 he set his vision to establish a long-term economic growth even in his plan in us market revenue goal of doubling by 2020. (Yuki 2010) Values and attitudes = Muhtar Kent can increase the value of their employees, build trust in the workplace. Trust employees are more likely to emulate the actions of a leader, because they see the value-added of action. This trust has penetrated to the continued growth of the Coca-Cola Company on a global scale. (Gupte 2003-2008) Personality = Muhtar Kent personality is similar to his style, personality of Mr. Kent was based on building a trust with their employs and creating an trust worthy staff which helps him in running coco cola to its heights. (Gupte 2003-2008) Style and behavioural characteristics = His style is Dynamic leadership and characteristics = he is Being low-key and loving what he does. A Dynamic leader able to add value to their employees, to build trust in the workplace. Trust employees are more likely to emulate the actions of a leader, because they see the value-added of action. Muhtar Kent, a leader always maintains relationship of trust of his employees and customers is a good example. This trust has penetrated to the continued growth of the Coca-Cola Company on a global scale. No matter the size, dynamic leaders can change the value of their company (Yuki 2010) Key skill = Muhtar Kent main key skill is his experience and his innovative ideas. For example, Muhtar Kent has more than 26 year experience in Coca Cola Company and he know very well that how to increasing profit and revenue, And about his innovative ideas Muhtar Kents helping organization with his incorporate innovative ideas to expand their business, is unmatched worldwide income. (Gupte 2003-2008) Practices = Muhtar Kent always motivates his organization employer to think good and think for company future. And he said that always try to keep true to yourself and do the right thing. And fell proud on what you did. Muhtar Kent meets his management team daily and discus about the current issues and all reports for organization. He travels around the word for meets with manager in major countries. (Gupte 2003-2008) Evaluate how leadership skill have developed over his career = Muhtar Kent leadership skill are truly gift from his parents. From the childhood he always observes his father Mr. Necdet Kent keenly and he learns lots of practices from him. Muhtar Kent says that he learned his management skills when he was doing his  Master of Business Administration (MBA) from Cass business school London. (Cable news network 2012) major reasons for success = Kent describes the success of the Coca-Cola Companys micro-distribution scheme; this is the beginning, because of its delivery trucks cannot reach rural communities. The company created a micro-distribution centre (MDC) to drink their own businesses in the local alternative means. According to Mr. Kent, they are the Golden Age, these entrepreneurs to become leaders in their communities, they are an additional 8,000 people in Africa, he said. Coca-Cola oath entrepreneurs in the new Micro Distribution Centre (MDC) last year, 50% are women, we have been in seven African countries that goal. (Coca cola 2010) Identify major/potential weaknesses that could lead to failure = Muhtar Kent always takes risk for investing. Once he take decision he never thing about risk. Recently Mr. Kent declares that he will invest 500 million U.S. dollars from now to 2020, a variety of activities, including the establishment of a new bottling plant in India. And that investment has big risk. 2. Describe and analyze the organization and management using the following attributes. Vision = The company goal as a roadmap and guide their business every aspect of the framework describes the tasks they need to complete in order to continue to achieve stable, quality growth Mission = Companys roadmap starts with their mission, which is enduring. Declare our purpose as a company and is based on the standard as they measure their actions and decisions. Value = Companys values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹as a compass for their actions and describe how they react in world. Leadership: shaping a better future for courage Collaboration: the use of collective genius Integrity: is true Accountability: if this is for me Committed in the passion of the heart and mind Diversity: As inclusive, because our brand Quality: We do, we do WEL (Coca cola mission stetment-2012) Goal = A global goal set by the company is safe to return to nature and society a certain amount of water equivalent to what the use for in its production in 2020. (The Climate Group-2012) Competitive strategy = PepsiCo is one of the most powerful opponents of the Coca-Cola Company, one of the products of the same series at the same price. This threat is important, because it cannot be eliminated to produce better quality products at lower prices but The Coca-Cola Company, the success of the strategy and management skills explained; it is everywhere, sporting events, advertising, movies, billboards, and many other media. Coca-Cola has been out a lot of different types and flavours, to compete with their competitors. (zeshan ali 2012) Structure = coke.png The Company has a personal international division of labour, because of its international staff in the headquarters of the isolated operation. Different departments throughout the continents of the world, all the president control every continent split. Style = Successful management team has to motivate employees Management style, they have taken to meet their target is based. There are three main management; autocratic, democratic and Laissez-faire style System = Coca-Cola business unique model. The development of high-quality brand Coca-Cola Company and their bottling partners, production and distribution. The system has been able to provide unparalleled drinks and more than a century, around the world the results. 3. Other issues 1. Describe the organization strategy. Describe how they manage cross cultural issues. Around the world, Coca-Cola is consumed. Its product strength has already begun to over-saturate the world market and to break the foreign markets, competitiveness rough established foreign brands. The Coca-Colas business strategy was formulated 115 years before. The strategy is very simple, the familiar red and white flag firmly imprinted in the hearts of the people all around the world. There has been a very successful strategy for cokes sales for more than 200 countries worldwide. Coca-cola has done very well in its international strategy. This is a world renowned brand and consumed almost everywhere. They conduct medical campaign yearly twice to help the people in the society. An example of coca cola international strategy is, Coca-Cola Company has been working with the African local people, which is a great business strategy. Because it acts as the desire and enthusiasm for the people, and its products are very successful. Coca-Cola has done advertising with great African footballers. This great advertising strategy, Coca-Cola became a lasting symbol of Africas top brand. They also prevent competitors of Coca-Cola, to get any market share in South Africa. (International business blog 2010) 2. Describe how power is used in the organization and how it is shared; describe the internal politics. How are conflicts resolved? Atlanta, the head quarter of coca cola is centralised by high power. The coca cola company CEO and chairman of the board Mr. Kent makes all the decisions regarding the company policies. The Coca-Cola Company has a separate international division, It constitutes around the world and various departments to control each continent with separate president. Coca cola company major division EURASIA AND AFRICA, EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, NORTH AMERICA, and PACIFIC are now controlled by president of division. And he sit in the corporate headquarter. Examples = Ahmed C. Bozer Eurasia and Africa Group, president of the Coca-Cola Company, the leadership of the Companys business activities in more than 90 countries and regions. Headquartered in Istanbul, the Group consists of six business units, including Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, India and South-West Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East and West Africa and South Africa. 3. Describe the main communication processes. Be specific in your discussion. Coca cola company in February 2007 and the previous CEO john Brock, they need to communicate, a new strategic direction for the coca cola. However, they dont have cohesive communication strategy, John Brock is unable to reach and rapidly with the entire organizations employees. But then after with the implementation of the communication strategy of the CISCO internet business solution group. Coca-Cola through Ciscos successful implementation of communication. The proposed combination of Ciscos own success in the internal administration of the communication process unified communications solutions based on, but targeted to coca cola company opportunities, challenges, and cultural. A customized roadmap defines a phased approach, the first stage to provide live video and video-on-demand coca colas senior management team. The first phase also includes the companys intranet, audio and 30,000 knowledge workers a meeting in a box, so that management personnel on-site staff to convey information. Subsequent phases will be further driven by the automation to the organization, so that all employees secure access to intranet or through kiosks in each device. And on the Results that 90 % of employees satisfied with new communications and Coca-Cola set up the whole framework of the companys global operations and Rebuild its implementation of communication strategies. Today everyone that the Coca-Cola Company in the communication aspect is a big difference, said: Heights. We were able to communicate quickly; we have been fast enough, we they have a consistent message. (Cisco IBSG 2011) What is the importance of being a learning organization? How is this demonstrated? For coca cola, Learning organization is an important part of its overall mission statement, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the company take the lead in learning plan development and structure, not only the leader, but the employees throughout the organization. Coca Cola Universitys purpose is to provide experience to equip people with practical skills and knowledge, in order to win the market. Employees in a wide range of areas including human leadership, the leadership of the franchise, the consumer market and customer, business class. Coca Cola University is the best research, and provide training / consulting service to learning transfer between the different parts of the coca cola franchise system (Coca cola 2006-2012) Describe their policy in handling ethic issues. Give at least one example of resolving a major ethical issue. Coca cola Company has very strong ethical code; the code is needed for honesty and integrity in all situations. Coca cola directors, managers or any other employs must have to read and understands the code, and follow the lessons in the organization or in market. This code can help their people to do the right thing and a place to play, the rules they operate around the global For Example, In 2003, near every community of the Coca-Cola bottling plant in Kerala, India to protest water shortages and water pollution, resulting in its bottling operations. These allegations led to the closure of the bottling plant. Coca-Cola unethical business behaviour is prohibited state. After that coca cola company near the local bottling plant in order to win the trust between the people and improve their business practices and they reduction 34% in water consumption. (Coca cola 2006-2012) What are the major strengths and weaknesses of the companys leadership, management and OB? Strengths of Coca Cola Company Globally known about Coca Cola Company Coca-Cola Company, is well-known around the globally and has a long history. The company holds the brand name of its own credibility in the international market. And coca cola have customer all around the world. Coca cola companys Brand Image Coca cola company brand image is very good, around the world. Coca Cola Company is so famous and almost every people know about coca cola brand. Its development has a great impact on the coca cola company image. Coca cola is rated as the world first cold drink brand. Supply chain management (SCM) The company has successfully dealt with Supply Chain Management (SCM) which is the spine of any company. Coke deals with SCM and gives training and conducts campaigns regarding it. This seems to be proactive and successfully convert them to strength. And coca cola have very good supply chain management. Brand positioning Coca-Colas brand positioning is very strong. The company focused on Training Online Manager (TOM). Top of mind strategy allows consumers to remember the product, as well as the product is the number one position. Positioning strategy is the real strength of the company, because it made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹a great contribution to the success of the company. Quality of the product Coco-cola gives first preference to its and quality and maintains its consistency all over the years. They also maintain quality management team which focuses on the products always. This made the companys product to reach globally around the world. (Coca cola, swot analysis 2010) Weaknesses of Coca Cola Company Limited drinks add in market. Weaknesses for the coca cola company is, they produce drinks such as Coke and Sprite are very popular, but the company there are about 400 different types of beverage type. Largely unknown, rarely seen available for purchase. These drinks may taste is not bad, but the result is quite low-key or non-existent advertising. This is a weakness in the analysis of companies, they need to research. On health problem Another weakness has been greatly publicized health problems are surrounded by some of their products. It is understood that a popular product, such as coke is not very beneficial to your body and your health. In todays constantly transferred to the health care products and some products may lose customers. This may be a new focus on weight and health problems, is detrimental to your health. Not produce organic drink As for the internal weaknesses, the same never produced organic products of the Coca-Cola Company. They do not have relationships with organic suppliers. Promotional activities Coca cola company, In Pakistan ignored the most important element is to promote. On the other hand it can be seen, Pepsi publicity activation. Make significant recommendations for improvement :- For the my recommendation for improvement, I would like to suggest to the coca cola company, Coca Cola Company doesnt have any drinks which contend natural items in drink, they have to make any drink which contend with natural flower and contend. Coca Cola Company have to do some marketing for snack, water bottled, sports drinks and some other product. Coca Cola Company has to clear their problem which is on peoples health related. Coca cola have to stop plastic bottle because nobody can destroy it and around 25% only recycle. Coca Cola Company have to served drink only in cane so nobody can mix anything with drinks, in plastic bottle some people open it and mix something and pack it nicely and they seal. Coca cola have to start some policy like If costumer gives 4 empty bottles, he gets one free coca cola drink. Coca cola have to improve their water plant because for beverage they need lots of water, now recently they face problem in coca cola plant India for water supply. For marketing coca cola company has to make some TV add with kids so they can attract kids. The company to use splenda instead of aspartame in the diet pop. And the same time use citric acid instead of phosphoric acid in the beverages.

Torn and Confused, but I love You Essay -- Love Letters Dating Email R

Dear Michael, Love has taught me and has changed me since we've met. I knew you were the only man I have ever really loved and the only man I ever wanted to be with for the rest of my life. From the start I could see us together and I could hear my heart say, "I am going to marry him". I was shocked, but I was happy. Then my head and ego got in the way and my false pride took over and I played games. I began to see all the things about you that I wanted to change. False pride made me feel afraid that you did not love me and this caused me to feel insecure. Then ego gave you the "love test" and of course you failed. Now I know that false pride does not trust and ego does not know true love. When my expectations grew, my egotistical, selfish personality took over and my love for you...

Myth and Romance in Star Wars :: Star Wars Film Movie Movies Essays

Myth and Romance in Star Wars Pure science fiction is rarely written. Science fiction is often blended with elements of other genres from horror to fairy tales. The movie Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope is one example of this. It contains a combination of science fiction with mythical and romantic elements. Contributing to this combination are the main characters Luke, Leia, Han, and Obi-wan, the movie’s setting in a galaxy far, far away, and Luke’s great quest. Luke Skywalker is a mythical character. Luke is orphaned as a child and is taken in by his aunt and uncle. He is hidden away from his father and his father’s cohorts to protect him from the dark side. Luke is only one of many mythical heroes that are reared by someone other than his own parents. Oedipus, a Greek mythological hero, was hidden in another kingdom and raised by the king and queen there to protect him from his parents. Luke is portrayed as a savior that will bring balance to the Force and will help the Rebellion beat the evil Galactic Empire. He is completely pure and sinless because he is so naà ¯ve about the ways of the galaxy. Luke strives to save the souls of those around him.[1] For example, his friend Han Solo is a greedy man that looks out only for himself. Only by offering a reward does Luke convince Han to do the right thing and help him save Princess Leia. At the end of the movie, however, Luke causes Han to experience a change of heart. Han willingly puts his life on the line to protect Luke and destroy the Death Star, without looking for some reward. This is similar to the stories told in Scripture about Jesus. He attempted to teach the others around him to lead a good life in service to others. Myths generally involve some religious aspect. Myths always tell the story of some god or goddess that walks among the mortals to teach them a lesson, as Jesus and Luke do. Resembling other mythical heroes, Luke is gifted with divine powers. Luke is able to use these powers, called the Force, to influence the actions and thoughts of others and to manipulate his surroundings. This makes him better than the average man because he can use these powers to his advantage against any enemy. These powers make him impossible to beat unless one also has the same powers.

Third World Socialism Essay -- Socialism Socialists Governmental Essay

Third World Socialism Many United States citizens are frightened by the word Socialism. However, the predominant ideology in most Third World countries is socialism. There are many reasons why Third World countries have turned to socialism as their form of government. The main reason the Third World has taken on the concept of socialism is because of the history of feudalism and colonialism that these countries faced for so many years. Socialism was seen as a way to reform the land of many underdeveloped countries. Socialism believes the government needs to intervene to make sure no feudalism or unjust land ownership systems are being enforced. For many years, Third World countries were being exploited by the British. Many of these countries were rich in natural resources, but were unable to make a profit off of it. Instead, the British were living in these countries, owning most of the land, running the laws and government, and making most of the profits from these natural resources. In the case of Egypt, the British took advantage of the Egyptians through Feudalism. Feudalism is a form of colonialism that asserts control over a previously independent region. Under Feudalism, most of the land was owned by wealthy, British landlords. Two percent of the people owned seventy five percent of the land. The rest of the population worked on the land as surfs. Feudalism in Egypt also practiced the Capitulation System. This system exempted non-Egyptians from the Egyptian law. This meant that if a non-Egyptian killed an Egyptian they would not be arrested or held accountable. Feudalism allowed the British to exploit the Egyptian's. Because of Feudalism, the Egyptians lost their culture and their history. Since Third World countr... ...f frowning from other countries when it comes to socialism, people should realize the reason why the Third World adopted this system. For so many years, Third World countries were exploited under colonialism by the Europeans. Third world countries, not only lost most of their natural resources, but they also lost their identity, culture, and civilization. Since these countries were exploited so much under capitalistic systems, it is no wonder that they turn to socialism. Socialism offers Third World countries an opportunity to change their economy around. It allows the poor to have chances that they never had before. So even though it is easy to sometimes frown upon Third World socialism, people should realize that socialism has provided small stepping stones towards abolishing systems of exploitation. It has also helped these countries to progress towards freedom.

Impact of a Data Classification Standard: User Domain

This Domain defines the users who have access to an organization’s information system. The user domain can be configured to internal use only and only the IT Department can grant access privilege for Remote Access Point. An Acceptable use policy (AUP) will be enforced in this domain to define what each user can and cannot do with any company data he or she has access to. Every user in the organization is responsible for the security of the environment. Workstation Domain In a workstation domain all users connect to the IT infrastructure.Richman Investments provide very secure access for the employee workstation with a username and password in order for the user to log into the machine. Security protocol requires the password to be change every 30 days. Regular updates and continuous antivirus protection are maintained on all company computers. In addition, no personal devices are allowed on the network. LAN Domain Local Area Network domains connect computers, printers, and ser vers to each other physically through a wire or wireless connection. This domain includes data closets, physical elements of the LAN, and logical elements designated by authorized personnel.It can access company-wide systems, application, and data from anywhere with the LAN. A LAN domain requires strong security and access controls, since the biggest threat to this domain is un-authorized access to anything on the network. To require strict security protocols we can disable all external access ports for the workstations. Doing this will prevent any user within the company from bringing an external jump drive, and connection it to the workstations. Also this will help us control company intellectual property, and prevent viruses on the LAN network.

Kraft Case Coffee Pod Essay

CompetitionMarket dowery of CompetitionThis chart of the commercialize section shows that kraft paper Foods was the world leader in drinking chocolate bean sales with 15% of the b either-shaped grocery. In Canada Krafts/ nabob and Maxwell had a combined piece of 35%, where Nestle had 19%, clandestine labels accounted for 25%, and smaller companies summed 21%. With food product markets carrying a selection of burnt umber brands and intuitive feelings on with major retailers such as Starbucks and Tim Hortons interchange their chocolate beans in grocery store outlets, opposition in the Canadian deep brown tree market remains truly aggressive. in that location are four major java bean pod competitors in Canada and they are atomic number 53-to- peerless, mansion Caf, Senseo, and Bunn My Caf.One-to- wholenessOne-to-one brews deep brown pods in two different sizes and has a band quality. This machine has advantage that it kitty to a fault deviate its spout in o rdain to ready iced tea or rule-governed tea. They similarly use the biggest burnt umber pods at 9.7 grams vs. the other 7 gram pods employ in sentenced machines. One-to-one overly has third different varieties to pick from You force out purchase a 16 press of pods for $4.99. These burnt umber pod machines are useable at the Bay, Canadian Tire, Zellers, and legal residence Outfitters.Home CafHome Caf has pressure bre assumeg coffee pods while getting the full flavor of the bean. This machine has a removable weapons platform to avoid spilling and can brew three different cup sizes. This type of coffee pod has 4 different flavors to choose from and a 16 pack of adept coffee pods terms $4.99.SenseoSenseo has a narrow down machine that cr buryes a rich froth on each coffee brewed. distri aloneively blend is brewed in 30 seconds and has an voluntary shutoff after one hour of no use. Senseo uses premium beans and tenders four flavors that come in packages of 18 for $4.99.Bunn My CafBunn My Caf use special atomiser head and de failrs maximum flavor in each cup. This machine can as well brew a cup in 30 seconds and has 9 brewing settings to change the strength of the coffee.Out of all the machines listed to a spiriteder gift Bunn My caf machines sell in retail for $cl per machine, the highest price out of the four. The cheapest machine is the one-to-one selling in retail from $60 $75. The best deal for retail selling price of pods is Senseo at $4.99 per 18 packs of pods mixer/CulturalCanada compering to other countries work with fast-breaking technology and faster workforce. Before Canadians, coffee drinkers were taking them longer to get their coffee. at presend the Canadian coffee drinker can get their coffee in one minute. These advanced technologies reflect to overall Canadian technology and the fast-paced environment that Canadians live in.Technology eventide though coffee pods may cost a slim bit more per cup of coffee, it has its benefits. tag use of the pre furtherance for the adept serving coffee the SSP machines can deliver coffee in less than 1 min. The SSP machine appreciate the water tank or the aggregate of ground coffee for your cup, just place pod and press a button. You no longer contribute to throw apart the nasty wet filter with use coffee you just have to cycle the little plastic pod. Pods overly do not use an actual coffee luck, so you do not rent to clean the pot of coffee all day. This is perfect for people that usually work only one coffee, instead of reservation a batch, only a single cup is processed. Different kinds are in addition available in terms of taste. environmentKraft has taken some epoch-making actions to keep the environment safe and clean. One aspect relating to environmental factors is that, the SSP machines are much easier to clean than the other pods on the market. Itallows you to have cluttered ground coffee that is inefficient to be used, no leftover cof fee to pour away and no pot to clean. When finished, users would simply dispose of the pod in the garbage or compost bins, whereas regular disposable coffee cups and filters must be thrown away in the garbage. small EnvironmentThe 4 PsPrice $0.50 per cupProduct Single-Serve drinking chocolate Pods (SSP)Promotion Consumer shows, demo program booth, idiot box sponsorship campaign, giveaways, print ad buy one get one free vouchers broadcast Consumer shows and big retail outlets across Canada. three different merchandising withalls Shelf-strips with coupon AdPad that holds 12 bags and coupon holder, On-Shelf Racking that holds 14 bags, brand Off-Shelf Bins that holds 48 bags.Mission description fate people around the world to eat and live emend.Kraft Foods Inc., Consolidated Income StatementUSD $ in one thousand thousands trade ObjectivesHerzogs name and address was to obtain 45% market deal at the end of 2006 He withal expected 6% from a 12.5 million household in 2004 and 8% in 2006. For advertising, Kraft wants to use TV sponsorship employ all television system programs for 3.5 launching. Production for a 30-second English-language contest eff would cost $myriad airtime to run English language spot for one week would cost $15000, giveaways would cost $5400. Promotional execution would cost $5000. Herzog also wanted to use direct marketing through an email campaign. This is where customers would be sent an email inviting them to visit a website and indicate to win a fee forms supply of coffee pods. merchandise objectives for Krafts coffee pods includes shelf-strips with coupon AdPad, on-shelf racking, as well as mark off-shelf bins. The cost for the total campaign is $961400 and at that place would be $38600 left from the $1000000 budget.Proposed Marketing StrategyPriceTo create better value for our customers we decided that price of $4.99 for 16 pods is perfect. Our competitors have the same price but we have better value. This price of $4 .99 leave target Melitta in direct competition since they offer the same value. Maybe a slight increase (18 pods instead of 16 pods). This allow ensure that Kraft would win in the competition. The wholesale price for the coffee pods should be $49.99 for 200 coffee pods. And for market share, we recommend Mr. Herzog to start at 20% with an increase of 5% per year that will lead him to those desired 35% 20% is very possible for Kraft and its very profitable ProductKrafts markOur makeing outline focuses on the package. The branding strategy for Krafts Maxwell House and Nabob Brand should reflect the consistent branding strategy already being implemented by the company. However, Kraft should use upscale packaging and back up the upscale high quality product that they have. An example of an upscale packaging concept by flow rate market entrant is Melitta. The reason for my branding strategy focus on the packaging is due to the principle of first revenue stamp and mental associati on that a authorisation consumer will have especially Krafts target market. The target market for single serving pods is high-income individuals and families ($91,000) and well-educated individuals. orientMost Canadians have their cup of coffee at home or at the nearest available store. Kraft should make coffee so good it enhances the time we spend with friends and family while enjoying a cup of it. A good way to go about it would be dividing the Country in regions and market the product targeted right at their consumer profiles. Furthermore rake straight to retail stores would make the supply chain shorter and thence costs will be less. Even better would be to encourage well-nigh buyers to buy it on the Website, with free delivery or a more hard-hitting promotion tactic. If the Consumer buys the product straight from the manufacturer the dividend will scale up or else then selling them in bulge to wholesalers and retailers.PromotionPromotion is the most consequential elem ent of the proposed marketing strategy all medium must be evaluated then used to acquire as many another(prenominal) consumers as possible. One of the things that can be used is print advertising billboards, magazines, newspapers etc. Another option is also TV sponsorship, using almost all television programs for 3.5 months launching. Direct Marketing can also be suggested for example email meet consumers to visit the Website then put an offer like click to win a free supply of coffee pods for a year. Merchandising has its own promotional options too like on shelf racking, shelf-strips with coupon AdPad or branded off shelf bins.ReferencesStephanie Larkin (2007) Current Trends Of Coffee Consumption. Retrieved from http//www.streetdirectory.com/food_editorials/beverages/coffee/current_trends_of_coffee_consumption.html Ben cull (Oct.2011) Coffee and Tea Industry Trends from the Canadian Coffee and Tea Show. Retrieved from http//www.ats-sea.agr.gc.ca/eve/6060-eng.htmNPD Group(July 2012)More Canadians opting to brew their favourite drinks at home Retrieved from https//www.npdgroup.ca/wps/ introduction/npd/ca/news/prca_120720/Stock depth psychology on net(2012)Kraft Foods Inc. (KFT) Income Statement. Retrieved from http//www.stock-analysis-on.net/NYSE/Company/Kraft-Foods-Inc/Financial-Statement/Income-Statement Dolcera everyday (August 2009)Premium Coffee Market Segmentation. Retrieved from http//www.dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Premium_Coffee_Consumers_Market_Segmentation